czwartek, 1 grudnia 2016

Documentary films

I adore watching documentary films. It is because I find it interesting to follow how other people live in other parts of the world. Even if you travel a lot, it's not possible to sightsee every place on our globe and examine all the problems, dreams and aspirations of people living there. This is what docs are for!
Documentaries are not only amusing but also educative to a great extend. And you have access to them for free :)

Let me introduce some doc. films I came across within the recent months:



 Teen Model Factory of Russia - how to start a model career in Siberia.


A documentary about a Kalbelia gypsy tribe living in Rajasthan, Northern India.



Chechnya: Republic Of Contrasts. How life's going in post-war Chechnya.



How and where do wealthy people spend their dream holiday, BBC Documentary 2016.


Are there really too many immigrants in the UK? BBC Documentary tries to answer this question.



 The Truth About Sugar - for those who care about what they eat.



Uganda & Pakistan: Second hand clothes market.

 

 
Elections in Saudi Arabia -  female candidates and voters.




A glimpse to an exclusive Onsen resort in Japan. A film made by Krzysztof Gonciarz, the most famous Polish YouTuber.


Please be aware of the fact that some of the links I provide you with, might not be valid or functioning in the course of time. It may happen from various reasons; i.e. user's YouTube account  might have been deleted. I am sorry but I can't do anything about it. Hopefully, you'll have access to all of these films.
Enjoy!






piątek, 25 listopada 2016

Barbie at 50 - The Most Famous Doll in the World

50 years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of toys. Barbie, as everyone called her, has become the most successful toy doll in history.
According to Barbie's parents, the Mattel Company, 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.
In today's world, however, Barbie is facing an identity crisis. There are many rivals on the market. Bratz dolls, for example, came to life seven years ago. They look more like today's pop stars with lots of makeup and miniskirts. Today Bratz is a challenge for Barbie, as the company offers a wide variety of clothing too.
It seems that Barbie has lost her appeal to older girls. "For younger girls playing with a Barbie is much fun, but when you get older you want something more chic and modern," says a shop assistant in a New York toy store.
Indeed, sales have been going down over the past year, partly because of the world's economic crisis.
Barbie still has a lot going for her. More and more doll lovers all over the globe have become collectors. They trade Barbies or buy them on eBay. Other look for special and rare Barbie dolls, like Scarlett O'Hara from "Gone with the Wind".
On the international scene, Barbie remains number one. Although Matell has been selling fewer Barbies in the United States over the past year, sales in other countries has been going up. In January Matell  opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai, where girls can shop, eat or even become their own fashion designer.
Barbie is present in the virtual world too. At Barbiegirls.com users can play games and chat with other Barbie fans. there are Facebook groups and YouTube channels, all dedicated to one women-Barbie.
Barbie has changed her image many times over the past decades. Originally she wore blond pony tails and had bright red lips. In the 80s she changed to a more colourful neon look.
For her 50th birthday Matell is planning some big events. Fashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new clothes for Barbie. She is also scheduled to be a big star during a New York fashion  week.
How long will Barbie stay on as a celebrity in the world of toy dolls. Hard to stay, but 50 is definitely not the age to retire.

Words:

  • according to = as the company says
  • a lot going for you = to have many advantages and good sides
  • although = even though
  • appeal = something that makes you like her
  • appear = show up, to be seen
  • challenge = something difficult, but you still want to do it
  • chic = fashionable and expensive
  • dedicated = to care only for one thing or person
  • definitely = without any doubt
  • economic =everything that is about the economy
  • face = look at, deal with
  • globe = world
  • originally = at first
  • ponytail = hair pulled back and tied together; it falls back like a horse's tail
  • rare = you cannot see them very often
  • remain = stay
  • retire = to stop working because you are too old
  • rival = other companies that want to sell toys
  • sales = the selling of a product
  • scheduled = it is planned that..
  • stay on = to stay in the world of toys
  • virtual = not real = here: the world of the Internet
Source: http://www.english-online.at/hobbies/barbie/barbie-famous-doll-at-50.htm

piątek, 11 listopada 2016

Pictures for description

Below you'll find some pictures to describe. Try to tell what you see and comment on the picture. Good luck!


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Why do Saudi government employees leave work early?

In a recent public debate on the MBC channel, Saudi Minister of Civil Service Khaled Al-Araj said many Saudi government employees only work for an hour each day and that this figure was based on studies.
The Mayor of Madinah has recently made it compulsory for all staff in Al-Madinah Municipality to record their fingerprints five times a day to ensure that employees are at work and do not leave early. In fact, many government employees leave the workplace many times every day, citing different excuses. The use of the word “many” here is unhelpful because this word does not indicate figures or percentages.
Let me mention some of the excuses employees give for leaving their place of work. Some are relatively acceptable while others are not. Some employees have children to pick up from school or have wives or sisters to pick up from the workplace and drop at home. 

However, other employees leave the workplace to go to cafés for coffee or to go grocery shopping. I wonder why they opt to go shopping when at work. Is this the only time they have? What about the rest of the day, what do they do with it?
Most employees take permission to leave the workplace to pick up their children or wives. By the way, this issue is an old one and has been debated several times. It dates back at least six decades. There has never been a practical solution for it. For example, there are no school buses to transport students although we have read many times in newspapers that a transportation company is to be set up to transport them.
There is another solution to this problem, but it is unlikely that it would be accepted by teachers, male or female. School hours could be extended to 3 pm. In this case, a government employee would not have to leave early to pick up his wife who is a schoolteacher. In fact, this is not a new solution. It has been suggested several times, but it has not been discussed seriously, let alone implemented on the ground.
If both solutions are impractical, another solution should be found. I have a simple solution: microbuses and busses owned by citizens. The Ministry of Transport should facilitate the implementation of this solution and stop relying solely on public transport buses, which cannot meet the huge demand for transportation.

Author: Salim Ahmad Sahab
Source: http://saudigazette.com.sa

wtorek, 8 listopada 2016

9 things NOT to do when camping with kids.


THERE’S A POWERFUL SENSE of accomplishment that comes with being able to take your kids camping anywhere and have it feel like home. I recall six years ago, my family’s first camping trip. We’d taken my then 2-year-old daughter to a campground on the Elwha River on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula. As is always my camping habit, I awoke at dawn, made coffee, and then wandered across the road, down toward the river through a damp forest of Douglas fir.
Suddenly, some movement: Two, now three elk jumped up and then disappeared in the thick salmonberry. I examined the area and discovered the matted down places in the forest where they’d slept. Their “camp,” as it were, was less than 200 yards from where we’d set up for the night.
I walked back to the tent. Not hearing or seeing any movement, I looked through the mesh window. My daughter and her mom were still bundled in their bags, asleep, comfy. We’d passed this first night very peacefully. I stood for a few minutes then as the sun rose, just taking the scene in. All around was the temperate rainforest, huge conifers and big-leaf maple. Standing high above were the snowfields on the West Peak of Mt. Olympus. There was no wind; everything was silent and still except for the sound of the Elwha running through a small boulder garden nearby.
Everyone would soon be up and our day would begin, but I savored this quiet moment alone — the rare feeling of calling this patch of woods our home for the weekend.
My family has grown since then, and camping is up there among our favorite things to do together. Through all that time out in the woods (or in the desert, or on the beach), I’ve picked up some tips that help separate a really rewarding camp trip from a mediocre one, at least for my family. The following are nine things you should avoid when camping with kids. Take them less as rules and more like signposts leading you in a certain direction.

1. DON’T bring electronic devices for entertainment.

Let’s go ahead and get this out of the way. The real benefit of camping is that feeling of stillness, clarity, awareness. You begin to really hear the river. The birdsong. You begin to notice things — the patch of moss turned golden in the morning sun. The slow steps of a great blue heron stalking through a shoal.
You settle into this new rhythm to the degree that you “unplug” from the overactive mind — part of which comes from constant screen-time. Games, apps, and electronic devices used as “distractions” — whether for the car ride or waiting at the restaurant — only detract from the experience.
And yet, presenting this in a punitive way (“No devices while we’re camping!”) will backfire. Instead, make it a team-like challenge that you include yourself in as well (“Dad needs a break from being on the phone and the computer”), and explain how it will be good for everyone: “Over the next few days, we’re going to start hearing better, seeing better — just wait until our night hikes — and part of the reason is we’re not going to have our eyes on screens.”
At the same time, you may still want to encourage the use of digital tools such as cameras — as long as the kids are staying creative and productive (perhaps you have a young filmmaker on your hands). Overall, it’s about not squandering the precious time you have together in the woods or beach or mountains.

2. DON’T set up gear for the first time there in the camp. 

Setting up gear will inevitably be one of the most fun (and funny) parts of camping. But don’t miss the opportunity to build up the anticipation even more: Set up camp in the living room or backyard beforehand.
As you assemble the tent at home, give the kids certain jobs — perhaps they clip the tent body to the poles or help run the pole through the sleeves. Maybe they unroll the sleeping pads or spread out the bags. This can also be a good moment to go over a few tips, like not walking on the tent while it’s spread out on the ground or being careful with the poles.
Once everything is set up, let the kids play in it, use it as their fort for the day or even a sleeping spot for the night (especially for smaller children). Then, when you’re doing the real thing in the woods, there will be a sense of familiarity; the kids may already feel some ownership of their “tasks,” and most of all they’ll be stoked to get back to their fort.

3. DON’T carry in gear and set up camp yourself.

Whether you’re just walking a few camping boxes into the site from the car or backpacking, there’s a feeling of accomplishment hauling in your gear and getting it all set up. Make sure the whole family participates in this. It might take longer if you divvy these tasks up to your elementary-school-age “helpers” than just doing it yourself, but this is a fundamental part of the experience.
Make preparations beforehand for your kids to at least carry their own packs, possibly with their sleeping bags and/or sleeping pads. And once they’re around 7, consider having them be responsible for their own pack with all of their personal items, including headlamp, toothbrush, etc.

4. DON’T go without a “mission.”

 

For our family, camping always includes some kind of terrain “objective.” For example, in one of our favorite campgrounds, Big Creek in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the objective is to hike up the trail to Midnight Hole.
Some places have obvious objectives, such as peaks to climb. But other places you have to use your imagination and be creative. The “mission,” especially for young kids, can be as simple as “making it down to the creek for a swim.” The important thing here is — as with the points above — being proactive in the way you build up anticipation for your adventure.

5. DON’T overplan or force it.

At the same time, it’s important to leave space in your planning for “just being out there.” Maybe you wanted to make it down to the creek, but it rained too much the week before and the banks are super muddy and the water itself is too dirty to play in. A huge part of camping is adapting to whatever conditions are at hand, not just forcing whatever itinerary you had in mind.

6. DON’T have a tent as your only shelter.

Another key aspect of camping is simply being gathered together as a family in a small space. It’s really important, then, to consider your “central meeting space.” Oftentimes people focus only on tents and neglect to construct a central shelter for the group. A simple tarp setup like the one above can work very well; pre-made tarp shelters like the REI Alcove Shelter are good too. You don’t want your only dry area to be your tent — that gets cramped fast.

7. DON’T fail to bring (or even create) crafts/toys.

As with deploying the camp itself, part of the joy of camping is being able to play with toys or ride crafts you don’t typically get to use. Since our local terrain is Southern Appalachia, we’re typically camping by rivers. Even though I may not actually be on a kayaking mission, I’ll often still bring my playboat (there’s usually a fun wave or eddyline nearby) as well as a small inflatable craft for the kids and me to play with in the eddies. This becomes a loose part of our “mission” and yet something we don’t have to force. We break out the watercraft if the conditions call for it, but there’s no pressure.
And sometimes it doesn’t even take having the crafts or toys; sometimes it’s just about imagination. Some of our happiest camping moments have been purely spontaneous. At a small tumbling creek we suddenly began having “6-inch boater races,” each of us taking turns breaking up sticks or pieces of driftwood and throwing them in as “mini-boaters.”
Other games you can invent on the spot: “rock golf” (choose a “hole” — a nearby stump or boulder — then play “golf” using rocks), hide and seek, “mini-city” (building shelters for the kids’ dolls).

8. DON’T go small on the food. 

Food always tastes better when you’re camping, and meals shared around the fire have a way of staying in your memory. It might seem like camping meals take extra effort, but as with everything else it’s really about imagination. Three fundamental pieces of gear to bring along are a stove, cutting board(s), and table. Make sure you have a camp stove that can simmer/cook on low heat, such as the Coleman Dual-Fuel 2 Burner Stove. This is key for pancakes and cooking rice. An extra cutting board (even an extra frisbee can work) for passing along to one of your helpers is also key.
Meal prep is also much easier if you have a table. Most established campsites will have picnic tables; if you’re taking your crew into the backcountry, consider bringing something like the REI Camp Roll Table. Finally, don’t rely too heavily on prepackaged backpacking meals. These can be great for stormy days when you just need to get food and dishes done quickly, but in general, take the opportunity of family camping to involve everyone in the meal prep. Let one of the kids use the extra cutting board and an appropriate knife and help chop vegetables.
My go-to crowd-pleaser dinner — an old-school classic you can cook right in the coals of the fire with no messy dishes to clean up — is what I call the “tin foil veggie bomb.” It’s as simple as laying chopped potatoes, broccoli, mushrooms, onions, peppers (and any other veggies you like), along with a generous serving of herbed butter, onto a large sheet of aluminum foil. You then cover all of this up with another sheet of foil and roll it into a single sealed “ball.” You may have to wrap more layers of foil around the outside; the key is not to let any juice escape once it begins cooking. Place in the coals of a hot fire and roll over / turn with a stick every 5 minutes or so. It’s ready when you smell sweet roasted veggies. Feel free to experiment with strips of meat or fish in the ball as well.

9. DON’T forget to research and connect with the place (including local people).

Campsites, particularly those in national forests, national parks, or state parks, tend have a rich but often overlooked natural history. For example, many of my favorite campsites along the Chattooga River were once “fords” (wide, comparatively shallow places where people crossed the river before there were bridges). And further upriver was the site of “Cherokee Town,” a once-thriving population of native people. The lore, the names, and even some of the legends of this area live on today and help give the place its identity.
When taking your kids camping, don’t limit the experience to just an “outdoor activity.” Consider it also as another kind of “classroom.” Research the area with your family before you go, and most importantly, speak to local rangers or environmental educators — and encourage your kids to ask questions. On a week-long camping trip to Hunting Island State Park, South Carolina, the local rangers let my kids play for hours with “Buddy,” a diamondback terrapin they’d rescued years earlier when he was nearly eaten alive by crabs. Through their time with Buddy, my kids learned more about the salt marsh than they ever could have in a book.
This is always my goal when camping with the family. It’s not just a vacation or an “escape” from our everyday routines — it’s about dialing into a particular place and learning how to be at home there. 

Source: http://matadornetwork.com/notebook/things-not-do-camping-kids/

poniedziałek, 7 listopada 2016

International trade - videos nad vocabulary

English Vocabulary for International Trade - it contains essential vocabulary regarding international trade.

A helpful word list with international trade vocabulary: https://www.vocabulary.com/lists/24739

Macroeconomics - Financial English Vocabulary - one more video with vocabulary concerning international trade.



Business English Vocabulary for Supply Chain Management  - for those who work in trade and/or logistics.



Why International Trade and Investment Are Good for the US Economy: lecture full of statistics and examples



International trade: Absolute and comparative advantage -theory+examples





środa, 5 października 2016

Business letters, part.I - Sales and trade



Describing our product/offer

Dear Sirs,
We think you will be interested in our leather handbags which are offered at various prices and in a variety of colours. The high quality of our product is well known and universally acknowledged. We are certain that a trial order would convince you that, at the prices quoted, the goods we are offering are excellent value for money.
From all list prices we allow a trade discount of 30% and a further special discount of 5% on all orders received on or before 31st May. Under pressure of rising costs we shall not find it possible to extend these favourable terms beyond that date, so why not take advantage of them now and send us an immediate order.
We are offering you goods of very high quality on unusually generous terms and would welcome the opportunity to serve you.
Yours faithfully,
XYZ


An offer to a former customer

Dear Sirs,
Looking through our records we note with regret that we have not had the pleasure of an order from you since last December. We hope you had no cause to be dissatisfied either with our goods or with the way in which we have handled your orders.
We think you might be interested to know that we have recently been appointed sole agents for the sale of printers of six of the leading manufacturers and that our stocks now include a wide range of first-class machines at very attractive prices. From the catalogue enclosed you will see that the prices of these portables are much lower than those for standard models and that we are offering very generous terms of payment.
We look forward to the pleasure of doing business with you again.
Yours faithfully,
XYZ


Invitation

Dear Sir,
we have pleasure in inviting you to the 25th International Fair in Poznań, open from 9th to 16th June. Our goods will be exhibited in Pavilion No.1 and we shall be glad to welcome you there.
Invitation cards can be obtained at the Polish Commercial Counsellor's Office at the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in your country. Please present this invitation to the Polish Consulate when applying for an entry visa.
We look forward to meeting you in Poznań.
Your faithfully,
XYZ


Refusal to pay a visit

Dear Mr Novak,
Thank you for your invitation. I regret very much but my official duties have made me change my plans for the near future and I find it impossible to leave England in the first half of 2017.
I ask you to accept my apologies and please believe me that I am very anxious  to visit you at the first possible opportunity.
Yours sincerely,
XYZ

Letter of enquiry

Dear Sirs,
We have had some enquiries from our customers about your waterproof raincoats and their quality.
If the quality and price is satisfactory there are prospects of good sales. Nevertheless, before placing a firm order I should be glad if you could send me, on two months' approval, a selection of men's and woman's waterproof raincoats.
Any of the items unsold at the end of the period would be returned at my expense.
Your faithfully,
XYZ

Reply to enquiries

Dear Sir,
We thank you for your enquiry of 5th June, and we have pleasure in submitting herewith two copies of our Export Price List together with some publicity material.
Our usual discount 5% but if an order is exceptionally large we are prepared to increase the discount.
All items on our range are carried in stock, enabling us to effect despatch od orders within 10 to 14 days of receipt of the order. We hope that our products will meet your approval and we will have the pleasure of receiving your order.
Yours faithfully,
XYZ

Reply to enquiries - refusal

Dear Sirs,
We thank you for your enquiry of October 10, but we regret we do not manufacture the type of equipment you require.
However, we would like to draw your attention to some of our other lines which may be of interest to you (see enclosed leaflet).
Your faithfully,
XYZ

sobota, 24 września 2016

The Netherlands Travel Guide


 Typical Costs


Accommodation – Hostels in Holland typically cost between 15-30 EUR per night for a dorm room. The most popular hostels in Amsterdam can be close to 45 EUR (which is crazy). Private rooms in hostels begin at 80 EUR per night for a double room. Most one to two star hotels are around 60 EUR per night for a double room and go up from there. For my favorite places to stay, see the city specific guides.

Food – Cheap meals at fast food joints or places like Maoz or Walk to Wok cost around 10 EUR. Restaurant meals average around 15-25 EUR for a main dish with a drink. If you choose to cook food for yourself, you can expect to pay an average of 40-50 EUR per week for groceries. Fast food like Febo, cheap Dutch food, is around 5-10 EUR. For my favorite places to eat, see the city specific guides.

Transportation – Inter-city train tickets around Holland are between 12-30 EUR, though for super short distances they can be as little as 5 EUR. Since the country is so flat, biking is the main form of transportation around cities (and for some people between cities). You can rent bikes starting around 10 EUR per day (but most places require a deposit that is returned to you when you return the bike). Intra-city trains and buses are about 3 EUR for a one-way trip. Taxis are super expensive and should be avoided at all costs.

Activities – Entrance into museums cost about 20 EUR while churches are free to enter.


Money Saving Tips


Avoiding spending on the green – Many people go to Amsterdam to visit the coffee shops. If you choose to do this, don’t think you have to buy “stuff” in each shop. Places will let you smoke as long as you buy a drink or food.

Get the Museumkaart (Museum Card) – Good for one year, this card gets you into museums in Amsterdam and beyond for only 60 EUR. With the Museum Card, you get access to 32 museums in Amsterdam and more than 400 throughout the Netherlands. It’s also good for repeat visits as well!

Bike – Biking is the cheapest form of transportation. You can rent a bike for only a few dollars a day. However, Dutch cities are also very small and easily walkable.

Hire your own boat – Instead of taking an expensive canal cruise, you can hire your own boat. If you have 3 or 4 people, it works out to be about 5 EUR each, and you can bring alcohol, food, or smoke on it.

Attend a free festival – During the summer, everyone goes outside. Check local city boards for a list of free concerts, festivals, shows, and markets. Once the weather gets warm, the social calendar fills up.


Top Things to See and Do in the Netherlands


Visit Amsterdam – The capital and center of tourism in Holland, Amsterdam is as beautiful and serene as it is crazy. There’s lovely canals, beautiful houses, great shops, food, and, of course, the infamous red light district.

Take a canal tour – Whether in Amsterdam or in another city, make sure you take a canal tour and see the canals that made the area famous and inhabitable. The Dutch practically perfected canal-building and it’s such an integral part of life here, that you can’t really understand the country until you spend time boating on the canals.

Explore Rotterdam – Rotterdam is one of the busiest shipping ports in all of the world. As Amsterdam’s industrious rival, Rotterdam may not get all the attention Amsterdam does but the city is a great place if you want good shops, great architecture (though most of the old building were bombed in WW2), and and a chance to learn about the famous harbor locks. I don’t love it as much as I love Amsterdam but it’s a very overlooked city.

Wander historic Haarlem – Take a stroll through the old, upper-class homes of the rich and famous and visit the old homes of the merchant class that helped build the city. This city is a short bike or train ride from Amsterdam. There’s not much to do here but the town center has a good market, the central church is phenomenal and awe-inspiring, and it’s a low-key alternative to the hustle and bustle of Amsterdam.

Find culture in Den Haag (The Hague) – Filled with a lot of worldwide court bodies such as the International Criminal Court, this city is a hub of international life as it’s a center of European justice. You can see the Queen’s office here and visit the old castle and palace. Moreover, The Hague is located right on the beach, so lounging on the sand and strolling the boardwalk are popular summer activities.

Celebrate King’s Day – Every year on April 27th (April 26th if the 27th is a Sunday), the Dutch used to celebrate the birthday of their queen Juliana. However, in 2013, Queen Beatrix passed the throne to her son, Willem Alexander and Queen’s Day became King’s Day. It’s a national holiday filled with outdoor concerts, lots of orange, lots of drinking, and insane celebrating on the canals. It is one of the wildest national holidays I’ve ever celebrated.

Stroll through beautiful Leiden – Head to this small town near Amsterdam, and see where the Pilgrims lived before they left for America. It’s a very historic city and filled with beautiful 17th-century buildings and parks. There’s a small museum in the city that has sporadic opening hours but if you’re nice, usually the owners let you roam through even if it’s closed.

Visit Edam – A picture-perfect town with windmills, farmland, and quaint houses where the famous Dutch cheese gets its name from. It’s one of the more quintessential Dutch towns. Basically, come here to eat and be as Dutch as possible!

Head to the Keukenhof – The Keukenhof is the largest flower garden in the world, with 32 hectares’ worth of spectacular floral displays. The garden is open between March and May of each year when the tulips are in season. When you picture Holland, you picture flowers and there is no better place to see them than here.

Bike through Hoge Veluwe National Park – Hoge Veluwe National Park is the largest national reserve in the Netherlands. It is home not only for drift-sands, wild deer and other animals but also to the Kröller-Müller Museum, the repository of Helene Kröller-Müller’s art collection. You can rent white bicycles in three designated regions and hope you will never get lost in the sea of green.

Kick back in Maastricht – One of the southernmost towns in the Netherlands, this city is famous for having the country’s only “mountain.” It’s really more of a hill though and doesn’t take long to climb. But this hardly-ever visited city is a great place to see Dutch life away from hoards of tourists who frequent the rest of the country.

Go cycling – As one of the most popular activities throughout the country, you would almost feel out of place not on a bike. The country is covered in over 20,000km of paths, dedicated to the two-wheeled transportation. Hoge Veluwe National Park is a particularly beautiful place to ride, but the entire landscape of the country is quite scenic as well.

Visit Delft – This is a fascinating little town, making it the perfect destination for a day trip. There are a few interesting sights here, including the Municipal Museum het Prinsenhof, Nieuwe Kerk, De Zeven Zonden, and of course, the trademark blue and white pottery. The town lies between The Hague and Rotterdam.

Admire the art at the Van Gogh Museum – Open since 1973, this museum is host to over 500 original works by Vincent Van Gogh, in addition to several works by some of his contemporaries and beloved friends. The exhibits chronicle his life span, showing the progress and development of his work, alongside Gaugain, Monet, and Toulouse-Lautrec. Note: Pre-book tickets online to avoid massive queues when you arrive.

Visit “Venice of the North” – Slow-paced Giethoorn is a charming place with lots of picturesque canals. With no cars allowed in the city center, this peaceful town is a good change of pace from the busyness of the Netherlands’ bigger cities. Rent a small boat and spend the day floating by charming cottages.

See life in historic Netherland – At the The Netherlands Open Air Museum, Themapark Archeon, and Zaanse Schans, you can see what life like in the low countries a few hundred years ago. With antique windmills, houses, farms, and shops, you can feel a part of Holland of old.

Try a multi-day bike tour – If you’re going to bike somewhere, the Netherlands is it! But maybe a few hours or a day on your own isn’t enough. With tons of bike companies, you have your pick of planned itineraries that’ll take you to any region of the country. Whether it’s self-guided or with a host, you can find an amazing bike tour in the Netherlands.







Source:http://www.nomadicmatt.com/travel-guides/the-netherlands-travel-tips/
 

wtorek, 13 września 2016

Past tenses


Past tenses

Past Simple
We use this tense to describe actions completed in the past.
Most verbs end with -ed but there are irregular verbs too, like teach-taught, find-found etc.
Questions and negations are with did:
Did you work yesterday?
I didn't see her.
My brother applied for a visa.
This investor lost a fortune last year.

Past Continuous
This tense describes an action in progress at a point of time in the past, in example the action began before this point of time and continued after it.
We didn't hear the intruder because we were sleeping on the top floor last night.
We often use past continuous to show that a past action was temporary, or was changing or developing.
During my training I was earning less than my life. (temporary situation)
His symptoms were becoming more pronounced each day. (changing situation)

She received chemotherapy on a weekly basis. (a repeated action)
For the first 2 months she was receiving chemotherapy on a weekly basis. (repeated action but only for 2 months)

We use the past continuous to contrast an ongoing action with a single event which interrupts it:
Elizabeth was sleeping when messenger arrived.
Seventy cars were crossing the bridge when it collapsed into the river.

We use the past continuous to describe past arrangements:
Nancy was taking the next flight to Paris so she had to cut short the interview.

We can make requests or polite suggestions:
We were wondering if you would like to join us.

Past perfect
We use this tense to describe an action which is completed before a time in the past. We can include specific time reference.
By the time UN forces arrived, the rebel army had taken the province.
When we got back home the babysitter had gone home.
We wanted to talk to him but he'd just left.
I left university before I'd taken the final exams.

We use past perfect to describe past intentions which were unfulfilled:
They had hoped to get to the summit but their companion fell ill at base camp.


Scuba diving and snorkeling


Snorkeling is a popular recreational activity, particularly at tropical locations. A snorkeler is equipped with a diving mask, a shaped tube called a snorkel, and usually fins. Use of this equipment allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions (underwater life, fish, turtles, seaweeds, stones etc.).



Scuba diving is a mode of underwater diving in which a scuba diver uses an underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) to breathe underwater. It allows greater freedom of movement. A scuba diver may stay longer underwater than a snorkeler.



The greatest danger to snorkelers and scuba divers are inshore and leisure craft such as jet skis, speed boats and the like.

czwartek, 8 września 2016

Dubrovnik


Dubrovnik / Croatia


Tourism is a major industry in Croatia. In 2012, Croatia had 11.8 million tourist visitors, and in 2013 over 14 million tourists, a record number of visitors. Croatia aims to double these numbers by 2020 with national strategy to bring in even more foreign tourist. They estimate that revenue from tourism will exceed $17 billion.

Tourism in Croatia is concentrated in the areas along the Adriatic coast and is strongly seasonal, peaking in July and August.

The country is also famous for its national parks, mountains and cuisine.



Dubrovnik

Dubrovnik is a city in Croatia on the Dalmatian coast. More than 500 years ago it was called "Ragusa". It is on the Adriatic Sea. About 42,615 people lived there in 2011. Because of its age and unique buildings, the old city of Dubrovnik has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The most famous street in Dubrovnik’s Old Town is called Stradun. Hundreds of tourists walk there every day.

Dubrovnik has Mediterranean climate which means that you must get prepared for really hot temperatures during the summer.



Today Dubrovnik is one of the main tourist sites in Croatia. Dubrovnik is famous for its Old Town - this is an ancient fortress with large stone walls, which helped Dubrovnik keep its freedom for many centuries. There was a major earthquake in 1667 that destroyed many buildings, but the people living there were able to rebuild the town.

Just off the coast of Dubrovnik is the forested island of Lokrum. The small island has a castle, a thousand-year-old Benedictine monastery, and a botanical garden initially started by archduke Maximilian in the 19th century.

Dubrovnik has a number of educational institutions. These include Dubrovnik International University, the University of Dubrovnik, a Nautical College, a Tourism College, a University Centre for Postgraduate Studies of the University of Zagreb, American College of Management and Technology, Diocesan Classical Gymnasium "Ruđer Bošković" in Dubrovnik and an Institute of History of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts.



How to get there?

You can get to Dubrovnik by car, ship or plane. Dubrovnik has an international airport.



What to do in Dubrovnik?

Most people who go there, visit the old town or sunbathe on the beach. You may also book a boat trip and visit the neighbouring island Lokrum. Restaurants in Dubrovnik offer you sea fish, incredibly good pizza, local wine and other Croatian specialities like the Pršut ham, burek, ajvar, Orahnjača (a Croatian walnut strudel) and, obviously, frutti di mare.


Source: www.wikipedia.org

Childhood Obesity

Studies have shown that about 30% of all children in America aged 6 to 19 are either overweight or obese. That is almost one out of three young Americans. The situation in the countries of the European Union is similar.
The body mass index (BMI) is a formula to measure obesity. It uses a combination of height and weight. A BMI score of 25 or higher shows that you are overweight and a BMI of over 30 indicates obesity.
 
Who is at risk? If you are gaining weight it does not always mean that you are becoming obese. Children and young adults need nutrients in order to grow, so they gain weight as time goes on. However, if you consume more than you need and begin putting on extra weight you may be on the road to obesity - combined with all kinds of health problems.
Here are some signs that tell you if you are at risk:
  • Children who have obese parents or grandparents are in greater danger of becoming obese than others.
  • If diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes or heart illnesses run in your family you might be at risk too.
  • Bowed legs at an early age can be a warning signal for obesity.
  • Depression and a lack of confidence have also been connected to obesity.
  • People who don’t get enough exercise and sit around and do nothing all day long are definitely more at risk than others.

What causes childhood obesity?

The explanation is really simple: if you take in more energy in the form of food than you use up you will gain weight. There are, however, many factors that can influence this.
Genes determine how your body stores food and how well it turns food into energy. Our bodies are built to store energy in fat cells for times when food is scarce. But not all bodies are the same. Your genes come from your parents, so overweight parents are more likely to have overweight children.
Although you may have good genes you still can become obese. One of the main causes of obesity is the lack of physical exercise. An average child spends less time exercising than children did ten or twenty years ago. Our free time activities have changed. Instead of going outside and doing something physical children sit still for hours in front of computers, TV and video games.

Snacks and fast food

Many of us eat up to four meals a day thanks to excessive snacking. And when we have a snack we don’t eat a carrot or an apple. Instead we reach for junk food. But this is not always the children’s fault. Schools are full of vending machines that offer high calorie snacks and sugary soft drinks. To make things worse they are bombarded with TV ads and commercials for unhealthy food. An average American eight-year old watches more than four thousand food ads a year. About 35% of these ads are for candy and snacks, another 10% for fast food.
Fast food is another reason for obesity. While some fast food chains offer healthy alternatives, these aren’t what people order. Today’s families also eat out a lot more than earlier generations.

Eating habits at home

If you develop healthy eating habits you’ll be more likely to keep a healthy weight. And it’s at home where we form such habits.
If your parents are overweight or obese chances are that you may have seen wrong eating habits your whole life. Children who observe their parents eat a cookie instead of a piece of fruit, take their meals in front of the TV set or eat too quickly are more likely to do the same. This increases their chances of becoming overweight children and, later on, adults.

Consequences

Apart from the need for larger school desks and airline seats what else is there to worry about.
  • Type 2 diabetes was once thought to be a disease that mainly affected adults, but this not longer true. It can lead to blindness, heart and kidney diseases and damage your nerves.
  • Studies have shown that obesity can cause children with asthma to use more medicine and wheeze more.
  • Overweight children and adolescents are more likely to have high blood pressure than children with a normal weight.
  • Sleeping disorders are among the most common consequences of childhood obesity. Some children may even have pauses in their breathing during sleep. If not treated it may lead to a series of other illnesses, including heart and lung problems.

 Dictionary

  • ad = short word for “advertisement”
  • adolescent = a young person between 12 and 18 who is becoming an adult
  • affect =to have an effect on
  • although =while
  • average =normally
  • blindness = if you cannot see anything
  • blood pressure =the force with which blood travels through your body
  • body mass index = shows if you have the right weight for your height
  • bombard = hit
  • bowed = curved
  • candy = a sweet food made from sugar and chocolate
  • carrot = a long pointed orange vegetable that grows under ground
  • chances = it is probable that...
  • common = very often
  • confidence =you believe in yourself and think that you can do something well
  • consequence = effect, result
  • cookie = a small flat sweet cake
  • definitely = absolutely
  • determine =decide, control
  • develop = grow
  • disease = illness
  • eat out = to have a meal in a restaurant
  • excessive = too much
  • exercise = physical activity that lets you stay healthy and makes you stronger
  • explanation =the reasons you give for why something happened
  • factor = one of many things
  • fast food chain = fast food stores that have the same name
  • fat cell = a body cell that has fat in it
  • fault =someone is to blame
  • gain weight = to become heavier
  • habit = what you normally do
  • height = how tall you are
  • however =but
  • illness = disease
  • increase = to go up
  • indicate = show
  • influence =have an effect on
  • instead of = in something’s place, as an alternative
  • kidney = one of the two organs in your back that separate waste products from your blood and make urine
  • lack = not enough
  • likely = probably
  • mainly = mostly
  • measure = calculate
  • need =something you must have
  • nutrient =chemical or food that gives you important things you need to live
  • obese = another word for fat
  • obesity =fatness
  • offer = give
  • overweight = to have too much weight
  • pause = break
  • physical = everything that has to do with your body
  • put on = gain, become more
  • reach for = try to get
  • reason =cause
  • run in = is in
  • scarce = when there is not enough
  • score = number
  • series = a number of
  • sign = warning signal
  • similar = almost the same
  • sleeping disorder = if you have problems sleeping or cannot sleep well
  • soft drink = a cold drink that does not have any alcohol in it
  • store = to keep things somewhere until you need them
  • study = report
  • treat =cure, heal
  • type 2 diabetes = a disease in which there is too much sugar in your blood
  • use up =to use all of something
  • vending machine = a machine from which you get drinks, cigarettes and something to eat by putting money into it
  • weight = how heavy you are
  • wheeze = when you breathe you make loud noises in your throat and chest

Source: http://www.english-online.at/health_medicine/childhood-obesity/causes-and-risks-of-childhood-obesity.htm